The working principle of pulse power supply

Pulse power supply is a power device that generates high voltage and high current in a short period of time, capable of converting low voltage and low current electrical energy into high voltage and high current electrical energy. It is important in various applications, such as electronic device testing, communication systems, medical instruments, laser equipment, and scientific experiments. It is mainly composed of switching elements, energy storage elements, triggering circuits, and regulating circuits. Its working principle is as follows:

Pulse power supply is a special type of power supply, whose basic principle is to use semiconductor devices to rectify, filter, regulate and transform high-frequency AC power in a certain way, thereby obtaining the required DC voltage and current. In a pulse power supply, the AC power generated by the AC power generator is first rectified by a transformer and rectifier bridge and converted into a DC power supply, and then passed through a filtering capacitor in order to filter out the AC signal and make the actual output voltage and current closer to the DC voltage and current. In the subsequent processing, it may be necessary to add voltage stabilization circuits, protection circuits, feedback circuits, etc. to achieve stable and reliable output as much as possible. In circuits, pulse signals can provide high peak voltage while maintaining a low average output power, minimizing their impact on load oscillations.

In the energy storage stage of the pulse power supply, the energy storage components (such as capacitors) are charged to the set voltage level in static mode. Prepare sufficient electrical energy for the subsequent pulses.

When the trigger signal reaches the switching element (such as transistor, MOSFET, etc.), the switching element quickly conducts (or disconnects), controlling the release of energy and releasing the energy stored in the capacitor to the load. At this point, the current will generate a brief pulse.

The current pulse is transmitted through the load, forming a high voltage or high current pulse. The shape, width, and amplitude of the pulse can be adjusted according to the requirements. After the pulse ends, the switching element is turned off, and then the capacitor is charged again to prepare for the next pulse.

Simply put, it means first rectifying, filtering, and regulating AC power into DC power, and then the various components inside the power supply start working, charging and storing energy, and finally releasing reliable and stable high-voltage pulse current.